- ADLER SA
- AEG
- AFA - WERKE
- ASTRA
- AUTO-UNION
- Flossenburg:
- Hohenstein-Ernstthal
- Zschopau
- Zwickau
- BAYER
- BMW
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau:
- Dachau:
- Allach
- Blaichach
- Kaufbeuren
- Lochhausen
- Moosach
- Natzwiller-Struthof
- Papenburg
- Sachsenhausen
- DEUTSCHES BERGWERKS UND HÜTTENBAU Gmbh
- DEUTSCHES ERD- UND STEINWERKE Gmbh.
- EISENWERKE OBERDONAU Gmbh.
- RHEINMETALL BORSIG AG
- Buchenwald and Dora Mittelbau
- DAIMLER BENZ
- DORNIER
- Dachau
- Aufkirch-Kaufbeuren
- Kaufering
- Trutzkirch-Titzing
- ERLA
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- Thekla/Leipzig
- Leipzig-Lindenthal
- Flossenburg
- FLUGMOTORENWERKE "OSTMARK" Gmbh
(Steyer-Daimler Puch AG)
- FORD
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- FORST UND GUSTVERWALTUNG DES STIFTES St.
LAMBRECHT.
- GOLDSCHMITT
- GUSTLOF WERKE, Otto Eberhard
patronenfabrik
- Mauthausen
- Hirtenberg, (sub-commando of sub-camp camp Wiener Neustadt).
- HEINKEL
- Buchenwald and Dora - Mittelbau
- Mauthausen
- Natzwiller-Struthof (at the Rhine)
- Ravensbruck
- Barth/Ostsee
- Berlin-Shonefeld
- Rostock-Marienehe
- Schwarzenforst
- Sachsenhausen
- Hofherr und Schrenz
- Mauthausen
- Haidfeld
- Hinterbruhl
- Molding
- Wien
- I.G. FARBEN INDUSTRIES
- Auschwitz-Oswiecim Camp Central
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- Gross-Rosen
- JUNKER
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- Aschersleben
- Helberstadt
- Tarthun
- KRUPP
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- Gross-Rosen
- Langenbielau-Bielawa
- Markstadt-Laskowitz
- Flossenburg
- Ravensbruck Camp Central
- Furstenberg
- Neubranbdenburg
- MESSERSCMITT
- Dachau
- Asbach-Baumerheim
- Augsburg
- Augsburg-Pfersee
- Burgau
- Durach-Kottern
- Fischen
- Gablingen
- Horgau-Pfersee
- Kaufering
- Moosach
- Flossenburg
- Mauthausen Camp Central
- METALL UNION
- Auschwitz-Oswiecim Camp Central
- OBERILZMUEHLE ELEKTRIZITÄTSWERK
- OPTA RADIO
- OPTIQUE IENA
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- ÖSTERRAICHISCHE SAUERWERKS AG
- PHOTO AGFA
- PUCH
- RAX-WERKE Gmbh
- SHELL
- SCHNEIDER
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- Leipzig-Lindenthal
- Meuselwitz
- Raucha
- SIEMENS
- SOLVAY
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- STAHLBAU-GESELSCHAFT Mbh.
- STEINVEREDELUNGSWERKE AG
- Mauthausen
- Attnang - Puchheim, (sub-kommando of Ebensee)
- STEYR
- STEYER-DAIMLER PUCH AG GRAZWERKE II
- Mauthausen
- Aflens
- Leibnitz, (sub-kommando of Peggau).
- Peggau
- Steyr-Municholz
- Radom
- TELEFUNKEN
- UNIVERSALE HOSCH UND TIEFBAU AG.
- VALENTIN
- VISTRA
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- VOLKSWAGEN
- ZEISS-IKON
- ZEITZ
- Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau
- ZEPPELIN
|
The camps are classified by countries, based on the 1939-1945
borders. When known, the name of each sub-camp or external kommando is
followed by the name of the company which used inmates as slaves. A
star means that the inmates of the camp were women.
This list is far from complete.
It is estimated that the Nazis established 15,000 camps in the
occupied countries. There were several small camps which were created
for limited-time operations against local populations. Most of these
camps were destroyed by the Nazis themselves, sometimes after two or
three months of activity. This list does not contain the names of the
ghettos created by the Nazis, even if several ghettos (i.e.
Theresienstadt Ghetto) had their own external kommandos (work teams).
This list is based on
information found in two books:
- The first one is “Le livre
des Camps “ by Ludo Van Eck, published in 1979, editions Kritak
(Belgium). As far as I know, this book has never been published
again or translated in English, but it is still possible to
purchase it at the Museum of Breendonck, Belgium.
- The second one is the
excellent “Atlas of the Holocaust” by Martin Gilbert (1982).
Thanks so much to Mark Vardasz
and Andreas Baumgartner for their very valuable help in completing
this list.
- Germany:
- Bergen-Belsen (probably 2 sub-camps but location is
unknown)
- Börgermoor (no sub-camp known)
- Buchenwald ( 174 sub-camps
and external kommandos)
- Dachau (123 sub-camps and
external kommandos)
- Dieburg (no sub-camp known)
- Esterwegen (1 sub-camp)
- Flossenburg (94 sub-camps
and external kommandos)
- Gundelsheim (no sub-camp known)
- Neuengamme (96 sub-camps and
external kommandos)
- Papenburg (no sub-camp known)
- Ravensbruck (31 sub-camps
and external kommandos)
- Sachsenhausen (44
sub-camps and external kommandos)
- Sachsenburg (no sub-camp known)
- Austria:
- Belgium:
- Czechoslovakia:
- Estonia:
- Finland:
- France:
- Holland:
- Amersfoort
- Ommen
- Vught (12 sub-camps and external
kommandos)
- Westerbork
- Italy:
- Bolzano
- Fossoli
- Risiera di San Sabba (no sub-camp known)
- Lattvia
- Riga
- Riga-Kaiserwald
- Dundaga
- Eleje-Meitenes
- Jungfernhof
- Lenta
- Spilwe
- Lithuania
- Kaunas
- Aleksotaskowno
- Palemonas
- Pravieniskès
- Volary
- Norway:
- Baerum
- Berg
- Bredtvet
- Falstadt
- Tromsdalen
- Ulven
- Poland:
- Auschwitz/Birkenau -
Oswiecim-Brzezinka (extermination camp - 51 sub-camps)
- Belzec (extermination camp - 1
sub-camp)
- Bierznow
- Biesiadka
- Dzierzazna & Litzmannstadt (These two camps were
"Jugenverwahrlage", children camps. Hundreds of
children and teenagers considered as not good enough to be
"Germanized" were transfered to these places - see our
article about the Lebensborn
- and later sent to the extermination canters)
- Gross-Rosen - Rogoznica (77
sub-camps)
- Huta-Komarowska
- Janowska
- Krakow
- Kulmhof - Chelmno (extermination camp - no
sub-camp known - click
here for more information about this camp)
- Lublin (prison - no sub-camp known)
- Lwow (Lemberg)
- Majdanek (extermination
camp - 3 sub-camps)
- Mielec
- Pawiak (prison - no sub-camp known)
- Plaszow
(work camp but became later sub-camp of Majdanek)
- Poniatowa
- Pustkow
(work camp - no sub-camp known)
- Radogosz (prison - no sub-camp known)
- Radom
- Schmolz
- Schokken
- Sobibor (extermination camp - no sub-camp known - click
here for more information about this camp)
- Stutthof - Sztutowo (40
sub-camps and external kommandos)
- Treblinka (extermination camp - no sub-camp known - click
here for more information about this camp)
- Wieliczka
- Zabiwoko (work camp - no sub-camp known)
- Zakopane
- Russia: (The real number of
concentration and extermination camps established in occupied Soviet
Union by the Nazies is unknown. The following list contains the name
of the major camps. Some of these camps were under Romanian control;
e.g. Akmétchetka or Bogdanovka where 54,000 were executed between
December 21th and December 31th, 1941)
- Akmétchetka
- Balanowka
- Bar
- Bisjumujsje
- Bogdanovka
- "Citadelle" (The real name of this camp is
unknown.
The camp was located near Lvov.
Thousands of Russian POWs were killed in this camp)
- Czwartaki
- Daugavpils
- Domanievka
- Edineti
- Kielbasin (or Kelbassino)
- Khorol
- Klooga
- Lemberg
- Mezjapark
- Ponary
- Rawa-Russkaja
- Salapils
- Strazdumujsje
- Yanowski
- Vertugen
(for all these camps, no sub-camp known).
- Yougoslavia:
- Banjica
- Brocice
- Chabatz
- Danica
- Dakovo
- Gornja reka
- Gradiska
- Jadovno
- Jasenovac
- Jastrebarsko
- Kragujevac
- Krapje
- Kruscica
- Lepoglava
- Loborgrad
- Sajmite
- Sisak
- Slano
- Slavonska-Pozega
- Stara-Gradiska
- Tasmajdan
- Zemun
- (for all these camps, no sub-camp known).
|
Introduction
by Chuck
Ferree (Holocaust Witness and Liberator)
The
Holocaust catastrophe during the years 1933 to 1945 was a massive
occurrence. It began in Germany and ultimately engulfed an area
encompassing most of the European continent. It was also an event that
was experienced by a variety of perpetrators, a multitude of victims,
and a host of bystanders.
These
three groups were distinct from one another, and they did not change
in their lifetime. Each saw what happened from its own, special
perspective, and each harbored a separate set of attitudes and
reactions.
The
first and foremost perpetrator was Adolf Hitler himself. He was the
supreme architect of the operation; without him it would have been
inconceivable.
Unlike
the perpetrators, the victims were perpetually exposed. They were
identifiable and countable at every turn. Jews and non-Jews alike, the
victims as a whole, however, have remained an amorphous mass. Millions
of them suffered a common fate in front of pre-dug mass graves or in
hermetically sealed gas chambers. Although the Holocaust is perceived
by many to record the suffering of people of the Jewish faith, no
records on any aspect of the Second World War can fail to record that
in addition to the six million Jewish men, women and children who were
murdered, at least an equal number of non-Jews were also killed, not
in the heat of battle, not by military siege, aerial bombardment or
the harsh conditions of modern war, but by deliberate, planned murder.
The
Nazi plan displaced millions of families from all over Europe. Through
their massive concentration camp system, with well over one thousand
camps of various sizes, all designed to imprison innocent humans,
considered sub-human by Nazi standards. Every human right was replaced
by Nazi laws, rules and arbitrary decisions. Almost every major German
city had at least a slave labor camp nearby. The inmates of these
camps were forced under the pain of death to work for the German war
effort, with no pay, inadequate food and other necessities to survive.
Death camps, constructed for the sole purpose of mass executions by
means of poison gas, shootings, starvation, disease, and torture were
used by the Nazis to exterminate those fellow humans--men, women,
children , and infants--by design.
There
are those among us who say the Holocaust did not happen at all. Or,
maybe a few people were killed, but not millions. Historical facts
have proven, time and time again, that Nazi Germany, planned and
implemented their plan to rid Europe of those whom they considered
sub-human. Accurate numbers for exactly how many humans died as a
result of the Nazi plans are simply not available and never will be.
Research by some of the worlds most able historians place the number
of Holocaust victims murdered by government policy to be not less than
twelve million and probably more.
sources:
- Raul Hilberg: “Perpetrators, Victims, Bystanders”
- Martin Gilbert: “Atlas of the Holocaust.”
Chuck Ferree
Germany
-
Buchenwald/Dora-Mittelbau
Note: Dora-Mittelbau was the
cover name of the sub-camp situated at Salza/Thuringe. When Dora
became an independent camp in 1943, it had its own sub-camp at
Ellrich. Ellrich was known as one of the worst external kommandos.
-
Abterode (BMW Eisenach)
-
Adorf
-
Allendorf (Gmbh zur
Verwertung chem. Erzeugnisse)
-
Altenburg (HASAG)
-
Annaburg (Siebel-Flugzeugwerke)
-
Arnstadt (Poltewerke -
aircraft engines)
-
Artern
-
Arolsen (SS officer
school)
-
Ascherleben (Junker)
-
Baalberg
-
Bad Berja
-
Bad Handersheim (Bruns
Apparatebau Gmbh)
-
Bad Godesberg
-
Bad Salzungen
-
Ballenstadt
-
Baubrigade I-X
-
Bensberg (Napola
Bensberg)
-
Berga/Elster
-
Berlstedt (Deutsche Erd-
und Steinwerke Dest)
-
Bernburg (Schacht
Plömnitz-Solvay)
-
Billroda (Schacht
Burggraf Billroda)
-
Birkhan-motzlich
-
Bischofferode
-
Blankenburg (Organisation
Todt)
-
Blankenheim (sand)
-
Bleicherode
-
Bochum (Eisen- und
Huttenwerke AG)
-
Bochum (Guszstahl
Fabrikat. AG)
-
Bodtenberg
-
Böhlen (Brabag
Braunkohlen- Benzin AG)
-
Braunschweig (SS-Junkerschule)
-
Buttelstedt (Fa.
Schlosser)
-
Clus
-
Colditz (Hasag)
-
Crawinkel
-
Coblence- "rebstock"
-
Cologne (for the mayor)
-
Cologne (Wagonfab.
Köln-Deutz)
-
Cologne (Messegelände)
-
Dernau (Fa. Gollnow Sohn)
-
Dessau (Junker)
-
Dessau (Dessauer
Waggonfabrik)
-
Dornburg
-
Dortmund (Dortmund -
Hoerder - Hutten - Verein AG)
-
Duderstadt (Polte-Werke)
-
Dusseldorf (Rheinmatall-Borsig
AG - 2 kommandos)
-
Dusseldorf (déminage)
-
Dusseldorf (Dess)
-
Eisenach (BMW)
-
Elsnig (Wasag -
Westfälisch- Anhaltische Sprengstoff AG)
-
Ellrich
-
Eschenhausen (SS-kommando
Hecht)
-
Escherhausen
-
Essen (Krupp)
-
Essen (Dest)
-
Floeszberg (Hasag)
-
Freitheit-Osterode
-
Gandersheim
-
Gelsenkirchen (Gelsenberg
Benzin AG)
-
Giessen (Sanität-Ersatz
und Ausbildungabteilung)
-
Gleina-"willy"
-
Goettingen (SS cavalry
school)
-
Goslar
-
Grasleben-"gazelle"
-
Grosswerther
-
Gunzerode
-
Hadmersleben
-
Halberstadt
-
Halberstadt-zwieberge
-
Hardehausen
-
Hasserode (Mech. Ind.
Wernigwerke)
-
Harzungen (Wirtschaftsforschungs-
geselschaft WIFI)
-
Herzberg/Elster (Hasag)
-
Hessich-Lichtenau (Munition
factory)
-
Hinzert (Special SS camp
with 23 kommandos)
-
Hohlstedt
-
Holzen
-
Ilfeld
-
Ilsenburg
-
Jena
-
Kassel
-
Kelbra
-
Klein bodungen
-
Klein bischofferode
-
Klein niedergerba
-
Kleinnoshersleben
"ago"
-
Köln fordwerke
-
Köln hansestadt
-
Köln westwagen
-
Kranichfeld (2 kommandos)
-
Langensalsa (Junker)
-
Langenstein (2 kommandos,
1 for the "Organisation Todt")
-
Lauenberg
"Laura"
-
Lehensten
"Laura"
-
Leimbach
-
Leipzig (Hasag)
-
Leipzig Lindenthal
-
Leipzig Markkleeberg
-
Leipzig Sconau
-
Leopoldshall (Junker)
-
Lippstadt (Eisen- und
Metallwerke AG)
-
Lohausen (déminage)
-
Luetzkendorf (Wintershall
AG)
-
Magdeburg (Braunkohlen
und Benzin Brabag)
-
Magdeburg (Polte-Werke)
-
Markkleeberg (Junker)
-
Merseburg
-
Meuselwitz (Hasag)
-
Muhlhausen
"Martha"
-
Neustadt (kabel- und
Leitungswerke AG)
-
Niederorshel (Langenwerke
AG)
-
Niedersachswerfen (Ammoniakwerke
GmbH)
-
Nordhausen (Schidt)
-
Nordhausen (Fliegerhorst-Komandantur)
-
Nordhausen (Mittelbau
II of B II Mittelwerke GmbH)
April 12th, 1945: The Liberation of Nordhausen
-
Nuxei
-
Oberndorf (L. Muna
aircraft munitions)
-
Ohrdruf (railroad
construction)
-
Oschersleben
"Ago"
-
Osterode (Mech. Ind. fa C
Heder)
-
Osterhagen
-
* Penig (Gehrt)
-
Plomnitz
-
Quedlinburg (Fleigerhorst)
-
Quedlindburg (Fa
Heerbrandt)
-
Raguhn
-
Rehmsdorf
"Willy"
-
Roemhild
-
Rossla
-
Rothenburg (Fa Mansfeld
AG)
-
Rottleberode (Thyrawerke)
-
Saalfeld Oertelsbruch
-
Salza-Thuringe
-
Sangerhausen
-
Schlieben (Hasag)
-
Schoenau (ATG Maschinebau
GmbH)
-
Schönbeck (Hasag)
-
Schwalbe V
-
Schwerte
-
Sennelager (Panzerausbildungsregiment)
-
Soemerda (Fa Rheinmetall)
-
Sollstedt
-
Sonneberg (Tandradbedrijf
C.G. Rheinhardt)
-
Stassfurt (construction of
an underground factory for C.G. Rheinhardt)
-
Stutzpunkt Sauerland 1
-
Suhl
-
Tannenwald
-
Tanndora (Paper factory)
-
Taucha (Hasag)
-
Thekla (Erla-Werke)
-
Tonndorf (bauleitung
Waffen SS)
-
Torgau (munitions)
-
Trautenstein
-
Troeglits (Brabag)
-
Unna
-
Walkenried-Wolfleben
(Constructions)
-
Wansleben (Fa C. Mansfeld)
-
Wansleben
"Wilhelm"
-
Wansleben "Biber
II"
-
Werferlingen
(Constructions)
-
Weimar-Fischtenhain
-
Weimar (Rautalwerke GmbH)
-
Wernigerode (Junker)
-
Westeregeln
-
Wewelsburg (Guszstahlwerke)
-
Wickerode
-
Wieda
-
Witten-Annen (Ig.
Farbenindustrie)
-
Woebbelin
Liberation of Woebbelin concentration camp
-
Wolfen
-
Wuppertal
-
Zeitz "Willy"
-
Zella Mehlis
-
Zorbig
Austria
-
Mauthausen
-
Aflenz
-
Redl-Zipf (code name
Schlier)
-
Amstetten (two camps:
one for male and one for female inmates)
-
Bachmanning
-
Bretstein
-
Dippoldsau
-
Ebensee
-
Ebelsberg (subcommando
of Linz III)
-
Eisenerz
-
Enns
-
Florisdorf (=Wien-Florisdorf
and Wien-Jedlesee)
-
Grein
-
Grossramming
-
Gunskirchen
-
Gusen I, II (St.
Georgen), III (Lungitz)
-
(Hartheim) not a
sub-camp of Mauthausen, but many inmates of Mauthausen and
Dachau had been gassed in Hartheim.
-
Hinterbrühl
-
Hirtenberg
-
Klagenfurt
-
Kleinmünchen (subcommando
of Linz III)
-
Leibnitz
-
Lind
-
Lenzing
-
Linz I, II, III
-
Loibl- Pass Nord
-
Loibl- Pass Süd
(ex-Yugoslavia)
-
Melk
-
Mittersill
-
Passau I - Waldwerke
-
Passau II
-
Peggau
-
St. Agyd
-
St. Lambrecht
-
St. Valentin
-
Steyr
-
Ternberg
-
Vöcklabrück=Wagrain
-
Wels
-
Wien Afa- Werke
-
Wien Saurer-Werke
-
Wien-Schwechat
-
Wien Schönbrunn
-
Wiener Neudorf
-
Wiener Neustadt
Czechoslovakia
France
-
Natzweiler-Struthof
-
Asbach
-
Auerbach-Bensheim
-
Baden-Baden
-
Bad-Oppenau
-
Balingen
-
Bisingen
-
Dautmergen
-
Dortmettingen
-
Erzingen
-
Frommern
-
Schomberg
-
Schorzingen
-
Wuste
-
Zepfenhan
-
Bernhausen
-
Bingau
-
Bischofsheim
-
* Calw
-
Cernay
-
Cochem
-
Cochem Treis
-
Colmar
-
Darmstadt
-
Daudenzell
-
Dautmergen
-
Donauwiese
-
Echterdingen
-
Ellwangen
-
Ensingen
-
Fracfort/Main (Adler )
-
Frommern
-
Geisenheim (Krupp)
-
Geislingen
-
Goben
-
Gross-Sachesenheim
-
Guttenbach
-
Hailfingen
-
Haslach
-
Heilbronn
-
Heppenheim
-
Hessenthal
-
Iffezheim
-
Iffezheim - Baden
Oos-Sandweiller
-
Kaisheim
-
Kochem
-
Kochemdorf
-
Leonberg
-
Longwy-Thiel: "Very
few people ever heard of the Thiel-Longwy concentration camp
in north-eastern France, Alsace, close to Luxembourg, and the
ex-Maginot line. Four kilometers inside the Chantier de Fer in
Thiel was a V2 rocket factory. The camp was four kilometers
outside the city, close the ex-German border. Five hundred
Hungarian machinists brought in from Auschwitz-Birkenau worked
in the factory. The camp was functional between May-October
1944. After 16 kilometers of marching, eight hours of work,
the prisoners had to carry heavy rocks for about a half mile,
with the only purpose to further deplete their "elan de
vivre.' The insufficient calories provided for that amount of
work killed many prisoners. In October 1944, a few minutes
before the US army liberated the camp, the prisoners were
transferred from Thiel to Kochendorf, Germany. While the train
passed above, US Sherman tanks entered the camp below, only a
few kilometers away. At the same time, the US Army also
liberated the Strutthoff camp."
-
Mannheim
-
Metz
-
Mosbach
-
Neckarelz I et II
-
Neckarelz Bad Rappenau
-
Neckargerach
-
Neckargartach-Heilbronn
-
Neckargerach
Unterschwarsach
-
Neunkirchen
-
Oberehnheim-Obernai
-
Obrigheim
-
Peltre
-
Plattenwald
-
Rothau
-
Saint-Die
-
Sainte Marie aux Mines
-
Sanhofen (Daimler-Benz)
-
Sandweier
-
Schirmeck
-
Schönberg
-
Schörzingen
-
Schwabisch-Hall
-
Spaichingen
-
Tailfingen
-
Urbes Wesserling
-
Vaihingen-Enz
-
Vainhingen/Unterriechinegn
-
Wasserralfingen
-
Weckrieden
-
Wasserling
-
Zuffenhause (Heinkel)
Holland
Poland
Note: the German names of
the camps are followed by the actual Polish names.
|
